PRIMARY SOCIALIZATION THEORY Essays (742 words) - Conformity

PRIMARY SOCIALIZATION THEORY Traditional sociological analyses tie secondary socialization sources to behavior, usually using linkage through stress. Situations, personal traits, etc. lead to stress, and drugs relieve them. According to Oetting and Donnermeyer, these secondary socialization sources operate only via their effects on primary socializations sources. Unless a personality trait, a community characteristic, stress, or any other factor influences bonding with the primary socialization sources or alters the communication of norms through those sources, the theory proposes that there will be little or no effect on deviant behaviors. (Oetting and Donnermeyer, 1998) Thus far (there is to be a series of three articles, only one of which has been published) the major analysis has been of adolescents. Three primary sources of socialization are proposed: family, school and peer groups. While any of these groups are capable of transmitting both prosocial and deviant norms, family and school are seen as being primarily prosocial and peer groups carrying the main risk of trasmitting deviant norms. Family socialization contains two components which impact an adolescent's risk for deviance: the strength of the family bond, and the use of those bonds to transmit prosocial norms. Dysfunctional families may either alienate their children and/or provide deviant normative information to them. The family bond of concern in these cases is not just a matter of support of love. It is more specifically limited to the level to which an individual is willing to accept and adopt values and norms from the family, and thus to behave accordingly. Society currently assigns schools the responsibility of transmitting certain cultural and behavioral norms. In the same way that there are dysfunctional families, there are also dysfunctional schools which have parallel weaknesses. The typical image of a dysfunctional school, of the resignation to chaos and deviance is only one type. Even in the best schools, there will be alienated peer groups. Poor grades, disciplinary problems etc. tend to erode the bond between an adolescent and school, and thus erode the ability of the school to transmit prosocial norms. These students are forced outside the circle in which other peers may be receiving normative socialization. Studies of these disaffected groups have shown that students experiencing alienation, lack of success within the school framework, and other problems with deriving rewards from school have a greater tendency toward drug use and deviancy in general. Peer groups form the last primary socialization group, and have the greatest impact on those alienated from the first two groups. These groups may be formed on the basis of, among other things, ethnicity or activity - including drug use. An individual's choice of peer group has been shown to correlate with their risk of drug use/abuse (Oetting and Donnermeyer, 1998). Primary socialization theory thus provides a powerful tool in analyzing the sources of risk for subtance abuse. It integrates many other theories, and thus it's applicability is extremely wide. In terms of policy implications, it points to the importance of maintaining social ties between family, school and adolescents. Moreover, it can reveal certain alienating aspects of punishment as counterproductive in the school's role as transmitter of prosocial norms. Finally, it suggests that a certain emphasis in creating social bonding among recovering addicts is uniquely important in successfully treating addiction. As an overall theme, there are two components to all of these instances. First, there must be a strong social bond of a very unique sort. It is one among people who draw upon each other when making normative judgements intimate to their lives, or more specifically, the course of action with respect to drugs. Identification with this group with respect to the judgement at hand is essential for the adoption of similar norms. The second component is that these bonds must become used to transmit that normative information. Strong bonds do not prevent drug use if that identity does not in some way involve a consideration of drug use as deviant. Finally, the limitations of this theory must also be considered. That is, in some cases, drug use stems from a perception that all social bonds have been severed. Thus the behavior is not learned from an intimate peer group, but from the environment in general. In this case, the old-fashioned analysis of stress relief has more

Is college a waste of money and time Professor Ramos Blog

Is college a waste of money and time College is something were all told is necessary to obtain a good career. Most people that have good careers seem to have college degrees. While having a college degree is appealing to most employers not every career requires one. College can be very expensive and take up a ton of time in your day. Most people who get college degrees end up with debt and frustrated about the debt they put themselves in. College students who work and go to school have the hardest time because they have to balance work with school.  Finding time to do school work is hard enough, but all students have it hard. Full time students have to dedicate their days to school work, and  tons of homework. Many students  spend hours doing schoolwork and may not even pass their classes, which cost them money. Books, laptop, parking pass, fees for  taking classes and other things cost students lots of money.  College however does have  quite a bit of benefits. As I stated earlier many good careers require a college degree. Depending on the level of degree you have the better career you can get. Just because people have debt after college doesnt mean they cant pay it off. After all the better the career the more money you make. College is for people who have the dedication and time to get a college degree. Those who put in the time  get the college degree put it to good use by going into a variety of careers. College is either a waste of time or it isnt. There is always good with the bad, but at the end of the day college  is a choice you  can make, you can choose to go or not to. 70% of college students who graduate have debt. The student debt has reached over 1 trillion dollars, and isnt slowing down. Americans with a  four-year college degree made 98% percent more an hour on average in 2013 than people without a degree. That’s up from 89% percent five years earlier, 85% percent a decade earlier and 64% percent in the early 1980s. A paper written by Mr. Autor states that a college degree cost negative 500,000 dollars. This means that if you dont go to college your missing out on 500,000 dollars you could have made if you had a college degree. Mr. Autor states that over the long run college is  cheaper than free. The hourly wage for  college graduates  has  only risen 1% over the past decade,  to $32.60 an hour. Those without a college degree make on average $16.50 an hour. Discussion Questions: Is college worth all of the money you put into it? Why are you going to college? Is a degree worth putting in the time for? Is College Worth It? Students Can Calculate the Payoff  · Giving Compass givingcompass.org|700 Ãâ€" 394 jpeg|Image may be subject to copyright. Name: Justin Juarez Date: 11-4-18

Time Management and Refreshing Classes Tools for Educational Retention Essay

Time Management and Refreshing Classes Tools for Educational Retention - Essay Example To get the most from everything we do, we must be in control of time (Convey, 1994). Or else, decisions that affect how well we play the game, when we play the game and the position we play will be decided for us by others. On the side of a student, which is what this paper will emphasis on, time management, skills and discipline are very essential in life. The biggest problem they have is time management (Laikein, 1973). Failure to manage their time well has led to poor performance, indiscipline cases, and lack of respect for others. Some students have gone to a point of dropping from schools when they realize that it is too late to accomplish what they are supposed to do. What they normally forget is that school represents a period in their lives that will change their future. They should keep this perspective in their minds so that the daily decisions they make turn out to be wise (Mante & O'Brien, 2002). All students including high school, colleges, and university students should have one goal; to help themselves become aware of how they use their time as a resource in organizing, prioritizing, and succeeding in their studies in the context of activities of people living together with them (Boje, 1991). Analyzing the problem of time management will create avenues for teachers and lecturers to understand the reasons why their students do not do their assignments as expected and in the right time. It will also help the students to comprehend the importance of adhering to teacher’s rules, regulations, and advices. This problem will be solved when schools, colleges and universities amalgamate time management programs in their classes to help students handle time management problems. This can be done by fixing time management classes or doing orientation to new arrivals. Poor performance is a major problem that is brought by poor time management (Morgenstern, 2004). The largest per centages of students fail in classes or drop from schools due to poor performance after they are unable to manage their time properly. To curb these problems, there are many methods that can be adapted especially in universities. Mental tools that teach them to incorporate new tactics in their time management skills can be useful. The simple and practical techniques will benefit the students in their classes and their entire lives. They should put the most essential things first. After accomplishing them, they should reward themselves (Berge & Oliver, 2003). This will greatly boosts their morale and make them inspired to do better than that. Every student should find his or her right time to do things. They should figure out the most efficient time to do their best. If one is more comfortable in reading at the middle of the night, then he or she must know that the brain works well at that time. They should not wait for any other time to do it. They should also determine their priori ties and set realistic goals that can be attained. We cannot do everything at the same time and these calls for us to set up the importance of each item. Application of Appreciative Inquiry principles can help solve these problems and bring a significance impact to lives of students. This is the learning of what brings existence to human beings operation when they are at their most excellent. It is a methodology of organization development based on the assumption that dialogue on strengths, achievements, wishes, importance, and dreams are transformational. It is used for strategic planning within organizations, boards in schools, and school districts (Barrett, 1998). It is also very useful in intensification of ties among administrators, staffs, and

Critically analyse the extent to which the classical doctrine on Essay

Critically analyse the extent to which the classical doctrine on communication of acceptance is relevant in modern contractual relations - Essay Example eement.1 The acceptance of an offer is crucial to formation of contract and question arises how and why an offer must be accepted to become a contract. Because there should be meeting of minds. An agreement can be verbal or in writing and in both cases how the acceptance reaches the offeror is important. The doctrine of communication of acceptance requires that it should be made within a reasonable time. In the following pages, the position relating to communication of acceptance is discussed. While dealing with acceptance, it is necessary to discuss the other ingredients of agreement. The objective test employed by the courts for an agreement having been reached is the presence of â€Å"offer and acceptance. 2 As is well-known, an offer is said to be made when one person proposes to another to do or abstain form doing some thing in order to get the consent of the other to the act or abstinence. An offer can be verbal, in writing, by conduct or by combination of these forms.3 An offer also can be made to an individual, a group of persons or to the world at large.4 An acceptance is made when the person to whom the proposal is made signifies his consent thereto and it should be absolute and unqualified. The acceptance must be communicated in the usual and reasonable manner except when the offeror stipulates a particular manner of acceptance.5 In other words, the acceptance of the offeree implies that the offeree has accepted the offer in the same terms and conditions of th e offeror without any reservation.6 Thus, it follows that an agreement comes into existence only when acceptance is received by the offeror so as to ensure that the offeror is not bound by his offer without his knowledge. The place of receipt of acceptance is generally regarded as the place of conclusion of contract. This applies to instantaneous methods such as verbal, telephone, telex and facsimile.7 In such forms of messages, the sender is notified as to its receipt or otherwise by the

Employee Empowerment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Employee Empowerment - Essay Example This implies that lower level managers and supervisors are expected to implement decisions made by top-level managers, which increases rigidity. Employees of the company are expected to follow strictly their supervisors and managers decisions without question. According to the employees, delegating some decision-making powers to them would enable them act promptly to improve the efficiency and manufacturing processes of the company for better performance. However, due to the bureaucratic nature of the company, the managers and the supervisors deny the employees such powers. The overall effect has been that the employees of the company are demoralized resulting in high labor turnover and subsequently the poor performance of the company in terms of productivity. It is based on this situation that the employees of this organization have made an appeal that they be reasonably empowered. Current Literature about Employee Empowerment Employee empowerment is a subject of great concern to bu siness and human resource managers. Employee empowerment refers to the strategy or philosophy that involves allowing workers to make decisions that affect their work according to Linda (1997, p.202). Bowen and Lawler (1995, p.35) on the other hand define employee empowerment as the act of enhancing employees’ involvement in organizational processes and decision-making. It basically involves delegating some decision-making powers to employees on matters affecting their jobs so as to ensure that organizational goals are achieved. Some of the ways of empowering employees include: allowing employees to take part in the decision-making process, delegating powers to them and offering them leadership positions (Wooddell 2009, p.16). Employee empowerment can be used to improve productivity, performance, service quality, customer and employee satisfaction, and the efficiency of an organization. Demirci and Erbas (2010, p.143) argue that companies need to manage and improve their emplo yees’ performance. This is achievable through empowerment. Empowerment, according to Demirci can be formulated through by considering four main dimensions namely: knowledge, power, information, and rewards. Alternatively stated, empowerment is the product of the four elements, information, knowledge, power, and reward. The dimensions are derived by taking into consideration the power of empowerment in enhancing the efficacy of employees. Lack of any one of the four elements might lower the overall degree of empowerment according to Shulagna (2009, p.49). Organizations now widely appreciate the fact that bureaucratic leadership in which where decision-making is squarely placed on the hands of top-level managers hampers flexibility and timely execution of duties down the line. On the other hand, it has been established that placing all decision making responsibility on the hands of lower level employees is a recipe for chaos and purposeless conflict (Bowen and Lawler 1995, p.78 ). Taking note of these facts, it is crucial for organizations to ensure that employees are engaged in decision-making by being empowered. The organization needs to develop a culture where employees are given the right to participate in decision-making especially on issues touching on their work. This will help in improving the effectiveness of the organization. Bowen and Lawler (1995, p.80) note that employee empowerment is an extremely powerful tool that organizations in the modern business environment need to implement as a way of improving their performances. One of the main results of employee empowerment is job satisfaction according to Wooddell (2009, p.15). Studies have shown that employee empowerment has a direct relationship with job satisfaction. In this regard, empowerment increases the satisfaction

Emerging issues in tourism: Chennai, South India

Emerging issues in tourism: Chennai, South India 1 Contents Introduction of destination Tourist attractions History Lifestyle Beliefs and traditions Urban and cultural tourism SWOT analysis Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Conclusion and Recommendations Bibliography Introduction of destination Chennai, formerly known as Madras, is the heart of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, often referred to as the ‘Gateway to South India,’ it can be found on the south-eastern coast of India. With its strong transport and commerce links both nationally and internationally it has rightfully earned its status as the fourth largest metropolitan city in the country. It is a bustling city of 178-sq-km packed with diversity at every street corner. It boasts of not only a rich cultural and religious heritage, but also a historical one, where the mark of the British Rule is evident in the various recommended tourist destinations. Its population of a staggering 6.4million consists of citizens from the 7 different religious backgrounds, these not only include the 6 major religions, but also the rather surprising one known as Parsis. Additionally, the 4 languages of English, Hindi, Urdu and Malayalam are widely spoken across the city. Tourist attractions Chennai being the spiritual hub and the keeper of South Indian artistic religious traditions has many awe striking sites to visit, alongside the more modern cosmopolitan developments of luxurious hotels, swanky bars, boutiques, clubs and restaurants. Marina Beach spanning a distance of 8.1 miles is the longest natural urban beach of the country and one of the most beautiful and second longest in the world. Fort St.George is possibly the most important landmark in Chennai’s history. It was built in 1644, by Francis Day and Andrew Cogan, the founders of Chennai and the officials of the British East India Company. It was the first place of British settlement and was also under French occupation for a short period of time. The Fort Museum, which was formerly opened in 1948, is the place where tourists will find fine collections of various artefacts from the colonial period of the country. The impressive collection includes medieval weapons, coins, original writings, and much more. Gandhi Mandapam spanning over 16 acres is the home of 10 memorials including those for Mahatma Gandhi, is a great attraction where visitors can see the beautiful carvings on the historical buildings and be a part of various festivals including Gandhi Jayanti. Between 9-10am every Sunday devotees of Shri Aurobindo gather to pray and meditate. There are a large number of temples, churches and mosques that hold great historical significance. These include Kapaleeshwarar Temple, Meenakshi Amman Temple, The Shore Temple, St Andrew’s Church, San Thome Cathedral, Luz Church, The Wallajah (Big) Mosque, and The Thousand Lights Mosque, to name just a few. The War Memorial of Chennai offers a glance into the heroic past of India. These are just a few of the renowned places to visit for an individual looking to immerse and enrich themselves with the cultural legacy of Chennai. History Chennai is said to be around 400 years old being the location of the East India Company’s first settlement – said to be officially founded in 1639. However â€Å"The Kapaleeshwarar temple, the Pallava Port and the Parthasarathi Temple of the 7th century are the effervescent facts to prove that the Chennai city has been present since the time immemorial† (Chennai.org, History of Chennai, Para 1). History accounts that the city was ruled by â€Å"well-known dynasties of South India, such as the Pallavas, the Cholas, the Pandyas and the Vijaynagar kingdom.† (Chennai.org, History of Chennai, Para 1.) In 1522 Sao Tome port was built by the Portuguese. The Christian apostle St. Thomas also settled into the city and the positive impact of this is perhaps seen within the Christian community of modern day Chennai. The bustling city of Chennai that we see today is due to the influence of two merchants of the East India Company, Francis Day and Andrew Cogan, who set up the factory. In the 17th century Chennai was known by the name of Tondaimandalm, and a small village called Puzahl used to be where the military had their headquarters. The British held a strong position of power by mid-18th Century; this then led to the creation of Madras Presidency. The beginning of the industrial revolution in Britain ensured that Tamil Nadu also reaped the benefits; railways in the late 19th century allowed Tamil Nadu was able to establish strong networks with many important states and their capitals; this helped the growth of communication and business, thus leading to economic benefits. Chennai did not become the capital of Madras State until after it had attained independence from the colonial rule in 1947, it was then renamed Tamil Nadu. The city underwent another renaming ceremony in 1996 when the state government took the decision to change the city’s name from Madras to Chennai. The changes that Chennai underwent over the various centuries, soci ally, culturally, economically, and historically, is what makes Chennai one of the most unique, interesting and multi-faceted cities of India, giving it a unique selling point for the tourist industry to tap into and maximise the number of tourist visitors from all over the world. Lifestyle It is widely known that the people of Chennai live a simple and humble life, which is often said to be steeped in religious practices, superstitions and delicious traditional food. The people of Chennai are mostly described as being friendly, accepting of new people and extremely cultured and religious. It would not be a surprise to the eyes to find groups of people by the beaches at sunrise carrying out the ‘Suryanamaskar’ (Sun salutation). Religious festivals are celebrated with great pomp, filled with colour and vibrancy usually including everyone, not only from one street but neighbouring streets. The cost of living in Chennai is known to be amongst the lowest in the country, which allows for more economic comforts within a family household. Traditional arts including Carnatic music and Bharatanatyam are at the heart of the Tamil culture, and it wouldn’t be uncommon for at least one family member to play an instrument or be well versed in Sanskrit or enjoy a S aturday morning class in Bharatanatyam dance. Education is given the utmost value in a household as it is seen to carry the key to opening doors to a brighter future. This bustling city is the home to the biggest motor industry in India, with streets jammed with traffic and the Sea ports seeing daily imports and exports, seems to be the least likely place in which one could relax and unwind, but the Chennai lifestyle has ancient meditation engraved at its core, which could be the very reason why the Chennaiites are so chilled out and humble people. Beliefs and traditions Chennaiites are traditional minded people, who value their culture immensely and on a daily basis follow age old rituals with full faith and dedication. The women of the household traditionally carry out the early morning ‘kolam’, which is the drawing of patterns and waves on the entrance of the home. This is traditionally made of rice powder and said to welcome the auspicious into the home. Chennai celebrated many festivals both local and national. A couple of these are: Pongal:- This festival is celebrated in January for three days. It is the harvest festival of showing gratitude and offering thanks to Sun, Earth and the Cow. On this auspicious day families at dawn in their respective homes gather around a new earthen pot. As the pot of milk boils over, signifying prosperity, a shout of ‘Pongalo Pongal’ reverberates in the air. Arubathimoovar Festival: Literally, Arubathimoovar refers to the 63 saints of Shiva idolized for leading exemplary lives of devotion and penance. Every year the bronze figures of these 63 saints are carried in a colourful procession through the streets of Mylapore. Urban and cultural tourism â€Å"Today’s travel and tourism industry has grown into a global economic powerhouse whose combined direct and indirect impact on the world economy, according to the World Travel Tourism Council (WTTC), in 2012 was US$1.2 trillion; 260 million jobs; US$70 billion in investment and US$1.2 trillion in exports.† (Fuller, 2013)Over the next 10 years travel and tourism industry has been predicted to grow by 4.4% on average each year. These figures exceed the growth of any other sector and other industries like retail and public services. A number of factors are fuelling this growth, and the demand for the travel and tourism destinations is growing. Sociologist highlight that the biggest factor is said to be the growing middle class across the globe, especially in countries like Russia, India and Brazil. It has been predicted that over the next 1-2 decades this middle class band will continue to increase, which in turn will increase the number of people wishing to travel ar ound the globe. There are several countries which are popular tourist destinations, these being France and USA, with India not far behind as the 11th fastest emerging destination worldwide, with a 6.4% growth predicted between the years 2014-2024. The modern world is seeing a boom in the travel and tourism industry like never before; in 2013 the online travel bookings revenue worldwide had raked in $34bn. The Global international tourism revenue stood at a whopping $1,159bn. Global hotel industry totalled at $457bn. Cultural tourism has been defined as the â€Å"subset oftourismconcerned with a country or regionsculture, specifically the lifestyle of the people in those geographical areas, the history of those people, their art, architecture, religion(s), and other elements that helped shape their way of life.†(Wikipedia 2015, Para1.) Its focus is to allow the tourists to gain a realistic experience of the destination’s cultural heritage, along with the other attributes mentioned in the quote, whereas urban tourism looks solely towards marketing the history and the landmark of the city to increase business. Research reveals that cultural tourism is somewhat in its infant stage, where many countries have been working hard to nurture it and market it on a global platform, as they have realised the revenue it provides for their cities, on the other hand urban tourism is somewhat in its mature stage of development. However, the increase in global capitalism and consumer awareness along side the development of modern technology has allowed it to be bought into the limelight and government alongside sociologists are conducting deeper research into trends and gathering statistical data, to utilise for domestic fiscal gain. Where the development of such tourism is beneficial there are some practical issues that can hinder the development of urban and cultural tourism. These are the planning process for the infrastructure and the government’s approach to this. The various people and the roles they will play on a governmental level. Then there is the organisation of the relationship between public transport and the travel industry. Furthermore what may seem like a menial, job of signage in and around the city, is a vital element for the satisfaction and ease of a visitor. It is important to know and further analyse the behaviours of the tourists and what destinations would be more economically viable to invest in and maintain. There could be obstructions with traditional values and corporate cut throat approaches when it comes to making a cultural heritage landmark a tourist attraction. Many countries are employing various strategies to ensure that they continue to be innovative and gain the benefits from the industry. Cities are evaluating the access to the destinations and attractions. They are creating marketing strategies to ensure maximum exposure to the public, and furthermore analysing the cultural barriers that may exist for tourists to visit certain destinations. To ensure that there are no oppositions from the locals, governments are also looking into the economic benefits the communities can also gain from such developments, thus making it an attractive proposition. Chennai is no exception from such investments and strategic planning. It is important to note the advantages and disadvantages to the growth of urban and cultural tourism within a city. Table 1: Merits and Demerits SWOT analysis Carrying out a SWOT analysis would be beneficial and most suitable, in order to distinguish the key values and impacts of tourism in Chennai. Strengths Chennai has many strong attributes which make an attractive tourist destination. The city and its people pride themselves in the retention of strong cultural and religious heritage, which allows tourists to gain an authentic experience. Bhartnatyam and Carnatic music are two of the cultural legacies, which can be enjoyed at the many concerts available by renowned artists. Chennai has been able to balance the modern western influences well with its traditional values and beliefs. Whilst keeping up with the modern world. Visitors can find many tourist attractions and beaches, which can be enjoyed in the hot weather that Chennai sees all year round. A varied cuisine, due to the mix of cultures again allows the visitors to have a choice whilst retaining authenticity. The Automobile industry is very attractive for those wishing to settle there as there are plenty of job opportunities. There is a steady stream of revenue for the city enabling economic stability allowing for standard of liv ing to be maintained. Domestic tourism is strong and on the increase. Chennai has a strong transport network utilising all three modes rail, sea, and air. With strong links both nationally and internationally. Weaknesses Despite many positives Chennai has two core areas it needs to invest in as this could have a grave impact on the attraction and retention of the number of tourists visiting. One being safety; it is a real issue within the city as many tourists do not feel safe on the public transport, especially females. Additionally, the government must make investment in the maintenance of sewerage and drainage seriously- this poses a critical problem as it can easily make a tourist destination unattractive, thus lose tourists and damage the economic benefits. Opportunities There is still scope for improvement and growth in Chennai and this could be done with strategic marketing within the tourist industry. These could include catered holiday packages with specific design, these could include: pilgrimages, cultural site tours, spiritual breaks with particular focus on meditation and yoga, education perhaps in the arts, water sports at the beaches and lastly there is a strong scope for medical tourism, which is one the rise globally. Threats The biggest threat Chennai faces are the growing number of slums. There is a lack of investment in infrastructure and maintenance of heritage places, which would not make the destinations attractive. Traffic air pollution, filth leading to health issues taking away the beauty of attractions and beaches. The use of cameras prohibited in various attractions, as it is considered an act of sacrilege, can put tourists off. There is a gap in investment in the development of roads to the more rural areas, which could be a source of revenue. Low standard of local transport and pickpockets also pose a threat to Chennai being an attractive destination. Conclusion and Recommendations Chennai is one of the most beautiful cities in the South with a great deal to offer. It has a range of tourist attractions. It is vibrant and colourful; jam packed with authentic cultural and traditional values and rituals which are still upheld by the locals of the city. Chennai has come a long way from where it was 5 years ago within the tourist industry. There were clear shortcomings, where information of tourist attractions was not strategically marketed and the resources and natural landmarks were not used to the full capacity to benefit not only the industry, city, but also the local people. For Chennai to ensure that it reaps the rewards of the rapidly growing global tourist industry it may be in their best interest to make some enhancements and fundamental changes. The government needs to commit to cleaning the city up, in terms of sewage and drainage, but also the investment is needed to solve the ever growing slums in the city. Security to be enhanced by providing tourist only buses for those travelling in groups. The government needs to make if economically beneficial for the city to continue to retain its cultural heritage and not lose this for commercial commodity. Lastly in order to allow the tourists to experience the real Chennai steeped in history, culture and traditional values they must continue to invest in the renovation and preservation of the heritage and tourist sites, to ensure the attainment of benefits for the long term. Word Count: 2,748 Bibliography Culture of Chennai. Available from: http://www.chennai.org.uk/chennai-culture.html Facts on Chennai. Available from: http://www.chennai.org.uk/facts.html History of Chennai. Available from: http://www.chennai.org.uk/history.html http://www.chennai.org.uk/monuments/george-fort.html http://www.chennai.org.uk/tourist-attractions.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_tourism E. Fuller, Impact Of The Worlds Travel/Tourism Industry Adds Up To More Than A Walk On TheBeach, 2013. Available from: http://www.forbes.com/sites/edfuller/2013/12/03/impact-of-the-worlds-traveltourism-industry-adds-up-to-more-than-a-walk-on-the-beach/ http://www.hotelnewsnow.com/Article/7858/Chennai-growth-stimulates-travel http://www.inpolis.de/inpolis-projektdetail_1_en.html http://www.lonelyplanet.com/india/tamil-nadu/chennai-madras/things-to-do/top-things-to-do-in-chennai-madras https://sriramv.wordpress.com/2008/06/27/tns-tourism-revenue-peaks-but-what-about-chennai/ http://www.statista.com/topics/962/global-tourism/ http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/renovation-of-gandhi-mandapam-nears-completion-in-chennai/article5101635.ece http://tourism.gov.in/writereaddata/CMSPagePicture/file/Primary%20Content/MR/Pplan/tamilnadu.pdf Task 1 Student Name: Pankaj CTH Number: 78108

Manipulative Advertising Essay -- essays research papers

Manipulative Advertising According to Tom L. Beauchamp, manipulative advertising â€Å"limits free and informed action† (472). It is sort of like convincing customers to purchase something, but it is based on incorrect or inconclusive information. â€Å"Advertisers use attractive rates, enticing images, and a variety of forms of suggestion to hinder or block reasoned choice† (479). One example is â€Å"phony discounting where retailers present fake percentage markdown from suggested retail prices that are imaginary or artificially inflated† (472). The customers are mislead into thinking they are actually receiving a bargain.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Use advertisements to manipulate people is sinister because â€Å"normal† people’s freedom to choose freely is taken away. The important thing to remember is that it is not what was said and or done by the advertiser, but how a person (people) respond to what is trying to influence them. It is somewhat like lying, but it is the truth stretched out so far that it never seems to reach a lie. Some advertisers do lie and are held accountable in the sense that their business suffers because of it, but for the most part manipulative advertising is very common and well practiced especially in the United States.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A very sad point concerning manipulative advertising is that advertisers, advertise to everyone including those very vulnerable people. Children as well as those with a weak state of mind, such as the ment...